Treat the symptom that bothers you most
Hay fever is an allergic response to pollen. Histamine contributes to sneezing, itching and a runny nose, which is why antihistamine tablets can help. Non-drowsy options are usually preferred during the day, but check the leaflet because any medicine can affect people differently.
A persistently blocked or inflamed nose may respond better to a corticosteroid nasal spray. These medicines reduce inflammation rather than giving instant decongestion. They work best when used regularly, and maximum benefit can take several days or longer.
Technique can be the difference
Gently clear your nose, keep your head slightly forward, point the nozzle away from the middle wall of the nose and breathe in gently. Hard sniffing can send medicine down the throat. A pharmacist can demonstrate the technique.
Itchy or watery eyes may benefit from suitable eye drops. Avoid doubling up medicines with the same ingredient — combination cold and allergy products can make this easy to do by mistake.
When to ask for more help
Speak to a pharmacist or clinician if over-the-counter treatment is not controlling symptoms, if you are pregnant, take other medicines, or have asthma that worsens during pollen season. Wheezing or breathlessness needs assessment.
Call 999 for swelling of the mouth, tongue or throat, severe breathing difficulty, blue or grey lips, collapse or other signs of anaphylaxis.
Sources
This guide is for general information. It cannot diagnose you or confirm that a medicine is safe for you. A clinician must assess your individual health and medicines. Call 999 in an emergency or contact NHS 111 for urgent advice.